CodeIgniter with Codeception test

Remove Conduit Search from your Mac

The Conduit search plugin was automatically installed after I clicked agree button whatever DivX upgrade says by accident.
Both Firefox & Chrome are affected. By removing this plugin, first of all is I completely remove DivX :D.

Sublime 3 Licensed (Sublime 3 Public Beta)

Sublime 3 Licensed (Sublime 3 Public Beta)

28
JUN
Go to this link & Download your OS Specific Build:

http://www.sublimetext.com/3

Mac OS X

Open Terminal & Type the following:

1. cd /Applications/Sublime\ Text.app/Contents/MacOS/
2. Now Type “vim Sublime\ Text″
3. Now Change to hex mode in vim by doing this => “:$!xxd”
4. Now we will do find & replace ->> “:%s/5BE509C33B020111/5BE509C32B020111/g”

Now open the sublime & enter the below licence key , it should work like a charm.

WINDOWS

For x64: After install, open sublime-text.exe with hex editor. Find & replace “33 42″ with “32 42″. Save & using this license key to register:

—–BEGIN LICENSE—–
Patrick Carey
Unlimited User License
EA7E-18848
4982D83B6313800EBD801600D7E3CC13
F2CD59825E2B4C4A18490C5815DF68D6
A5EFCC8698CFE589E105EA829C5273C0
C5744F0857FAD2169C88620898C3845A
1F4521CFC160EEC7A9B382DE605C2E6D
DE84CD0160666D30AA8A0C5492D90BB2
75DEFB9FD0275389F74A59BB0CA2B4EF
EA91E646C7F2A688276BCF18E971E372
—–END LICENSE—–
You should copy from Begin License till End License.

UBUNTU:

Follow these to register sublime text 3 in ubuntu
1.Install ghex editor.(in terminal,enter “sudo apt-get install ghex”)..without the quotes.
2.In terminal enter “cd /usr/lib/sublime-text″
3.In terminal enter “sudo ghex sublime_text” & enter your password
4.In open ghex window,navigate to Edit>Replace.
5.In the find string section enter 33 42
6.In the replace with section enter 32 42
7.save & exit.

Force directly linked file to download

Is there any way to provide a direct link to a file & force the browser to download it using PHP?

E.g http://www.website.com/directory/file.jpg

We’re dealing with huge files here & Chrome in particular seems to have a problem rendering the image, so all the user sees is a blank screen when visiting the file directly. Even though they can still right-click in the blank screen & download the file it’s confusing.

We used to output the files from PHP yet we ran into memory problems so switched to providing a direct link instead. The files go up to approximately 5GB, they aren’t all images. We have zips, PDFs, PSDs etc.

Currently, the file is requested through a PHP script which accepts the ID of the file & obtain its URL. The PHP script then redirects to the user to full URL of the file.

How can we ensure that downloads are forced & we don’t run into memory issues with the larger files?

Thank you

Just use X-Sendfile yet you need to configure it first … using XSendFilePath

if (file_exists($file)) {    header("X-Sendfile: $file");    header("Content-Type: application/octet-stream");    header(sprintf("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"%s\"", basename($file)));    exit();}

Note* Please ensure $file is properly escaped before you verify & serve the file

XSendFilePath only works on Apache for other servers please see : Caching HTTP responses when they are dynamically created by PHP

Oracle extract values from xmltype

This is the code I am currently using:

SET serveroutput ONCREATE OR REPLACEPROCEDURE test_proc(i_xml varchar2)ISl_name VARCHAR2(20);l_age NUMBER;l_xml xmltype;BEGINl_xml := xmltype(i_xml);FOR x IN(SELECT VALUE(p) col_valFROM TABLE(XMLSEQUENCE(EXTRACT(l_xml, '/ROWSET/ROW'))) p)LOOP     IF x.col_val.existSNode('/ROW/name/text()') > 0 THEN          l_name:= x.col_val.EXTRACT('/ROW/name/text()').getstringVal();     END IF;     IF x.col_val.existSNode('/ROW/age/text()') > 0 THEN          l_age := x.col_val.EXTRACT('/ROW/age/text()').getstringVal();     END IF;end loop;end;/BEGINtest_proc('<ROWSET><ROW><name>aa</name><age>20</age></ROW><ROW><name>bbb</name><age>25</age></ROW></ROWSET>');END;/

The above code uses xml to extract & save the existing node values to particular local variables. It is been used in the case for multiple sets of data & is working fine. I just wanted to know whether can I able to use the same without “for x loop”, because I will only have one data in the i_xml from now onwards & I will only have either
name or age tags .

The following code should be used to save into l_name or l_age without the “loop” method like I used above:

<ROWSET><ROW>    <name>aa</name></ROW></ROWSET>

or

<ROWSET><ROW>    <age>18</age></ROW></ROWSET>

/
And I’ve tried using the following:

SELECT     CASE          WHEN VALUE(p).existsNode('/ROW/name/text()') = 1          THEN p.EXTRACT('/ROW/name/text()').getstringVal()          WHEN VALUE(P).existsNode('/ROW/age/text()') = 1          THEN p.EXTRACT('/ROW/age/text()').getstringVal()     ENDINTO l_newFROM TABLE(xmlsequence(EXTRACT(l_xml, '/ROWSET/ROW'))) p;

/
Any better way is appreciated.. Thanks

If you’re really sure you’ll only have one ROW then you can do:

begin  l_xml := xmltype(i_xml);  if l_xml.existsnode('/ROWSET/ROW/name') > 0 then    l_name := l_xml.extract('/ROWSET/ROW/name/text()').getstringval();  end if;  if l_xml.existsnode('/ROWSET/ROW/age') > 0 then    l_age := l_xml.extract('/ROWSET/ROW/age/text()').getnumberval();  end if;end;

That will work if you have name or age, or both, or neither (where ‘work’ means doesn’t error, at least). If you did have more than one row it would concatenate the results, so with your original data, l_name would be aabbb, & l_age would be 2025. Which might not be what you expect.

Dojo, setAttribute with Internet Explorer

I’m working on a web application that I didn’t make myself & it has been done using Dojo & specially Dijit.
The part which I’m struggling with is approximately a form that gets changed depending on radio buttons.
Therefore, I’m using dijit.byId('id').setAttribute('disabled',true); to disabled a field & this works on FF yet not with IE8. Although, it works yet not directly when I check the radio button, I have to do one more action (like clicking in a random area on the page) & the action is applied. I tried with stuff like: document.getElementById('id').disabled=true; yet it doesn’t work correctly either.

Would you please have any suggestion?
Thank you.

Dojo Widgets have a convention to set attributes using the set method.

dijit.byId('id').set('disabled',true);

This convention will call the _setDisabledAttr method on the widget which will take care of making itself disabled.

http://dojotoolkit.org/reference-guide/1.7/dijit/_WidgetBase.html#attributes

opencv - how to save Mat image in filestorage

I want to save a floating point one-channel image & I don’t want to convert it. So I decided to use filestorage class to save it yet I couldn’t quite obtain how to do it from the documentation. And what I tried didn’t work. Can anybody assist me with this?

// Write:FileStorage fs("img.xml", FileStorage::WRITE);Mat img;fs << img;// Read:FileStorage fs("img.xml", FileStorage::READ);Mat img;fs >> img;

Writing to file

cv::FileStorage storage("test.yml", cv::FileStorage::WRITE);storage << "img" << img;storage.release();

Reading from file

cv::FileStorage storage("test.yml", cv::FileStorage::READ);storage["img"] >> img;storage.release();

Python requests hook returns a value to cause exception

The Documentation for python requests module says for hooks that “If the callback function returns a value, it is assumed that it is to replace the data that was passed in. If the function doesn’t return anything, nothing else is effected”

Now i am trying to return a value(int in my case) from my hook function & it throws an exception. This will be valid in all the cases when the return value is an object that DOESNOT have the raw() method defined for it.

Here is some code

def hook(resp,**kwargs):    print resp.url    return 1def main()    s = requests.Session()    s.hooks = {"response":hook}    r = s.get("http://localhost/index.html")

And here is the exception:

http://localhost/index.htmlTraceback (most recent call last): File "/home/talha/ws/test.py", line 85, in <module>   main() File "/home/talha/ws/test.py", line 72, in main   r = s.get("http://localhost/index.html") File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 347, in get   return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 335, in request   resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 446, in send   extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, request, r.raw) AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'raw'

The code in sessions.py @line 446 is trying to extract cookies after the dispatch_hook..From source

    # Response manipulation hooks    r = dispatch_hook('response', hooks, r, **kwargs)    # Persist cookies    extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, request, r.raw)

Either the documentation needs to alter or the handling needs to be re-worked. What is the best way to handle this ?

[update]

Based on the comments I tried to return the base response object. Turns out it cannot be used in that manner moreover since some of its fields are initialized to None.

Newer code:

def hook(resp, **kwargs):    obj = requests.Response()    return obj

Exception thrown now:

Traceback (most recent call last):File "/home/talha/ws/test.py", line 88, in <module>   main()File "/home/talha/ws/test.py", line 75, in main   r = s.get("http://localhost/index.html")File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 347, in get   return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 335, in request   resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 446, in send   extract_cookies_to_jar(self.cookies, request, r.raw)File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/cookies.py", line 108, in extract_cookies_to_jar    res = MockResponse(response._original_response.msg)AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_original_response'

What seems is that i will have to implement a full pseudo response?

If the callback function returns a value, it is assumed that it is to replace the data that was passed in. If the function doesn’t return anything, nothing else is effected.

This means that whatever you return is expected to take the place of the response object you were passed.

Nothing in the documentation states that you can return just anything. What did you expect to happen instead?

If you wanted to return a response that has different data, return something that acts like a response still. This means that either you need to subclass the requests response object, or implement something that provides the same API:

from requests.moduls import Responseclass MyIntResponse(Response):    def __init__(self, integer):        super(MyIntResponse, self).__init__()        self._content_consumed = True        self._content = integerdef hook(resp,**kwargs):    print resp.url    newresp = MyIntResponse(1)    newresp.raw = resp.raw  # copy across original HTTP response object

You may want to copy over some of the other attributes from the original response; check the documentation on what attributes Response objects have.

what is white color in GetPixel() method? [on hold]

as you can see from topic I just have a very simple question:

what is the RBG value of white color in GetPixel() method?
is it 255 255 255?
or 0 0 0?

TNX

White = 255 255 255

Black = 0 0 0

There’s an effortless code to check it

  Byte r = Color.White.R; // r = 255  Byte g = Color.White.G; // g = 255  Byte b = Color.White.B; // b = 255

WordPress mobile theme: WPTouch

Download: http://prefiles.com/x9lxgihalqsy/BraveNewCode.WPTouch.Pro.v3.0.8.for.WordPress.rar

Remember: this is a PLUGIN, not a theme.
Install: put extracted wptouch-pro-3 folder under plugins folder.

Create Access Point in Windows 7 For Android Device instead of ADHoc

This tricks shows how to create a Access Point instead of ADHoc network on your Windows 7 in order to allow the user to create
For those user who need Android device to connect to ADHoc network, this is the best alternative way to connect internet through your laptop. NO ROOT Required

1. Create a hosted network
run CMD as administrator, & type

netsh wlan set hostednetwork mode=allow ssid=SSID key=PASSWORD 

2. Open the Control Panel->Network & Internet->Network Connections
Right click the internet connection adapter & select Property, click Sharing tab, & tick allow other network users to connect through this computer’s internet connection. Select the connection name of Microsoft Virtual Wifi Miniport Adapter. Normally, it is namely “Wireless Network Connection 2” or “Wireless Network Connection 3”

3. In command prompt in step 1. type

netsh wlan start hostednetwork

This will create a Access Point instead of ADHoc & it is connectable by any Android Device.

In future, after you restart your computer, you can always run “netsh wlan start hostednetwork” to start the Access Point.

Trouble Shooting:
If you installed some third party VPN software it may breaks the connection, if you find you can connect to the network yet internet does not work, try to uninstall any third party VPN software & try again.

Simple Linux VPN server configuration on CentOS 6

Installation

I consider install from yum is the best way.

rpm --import http://poptop.sourceforge.net/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-PPTPrpm -Uvh http://poptop.sourceforge.net/yum/stable/rhel6/pptp-release-current.noarch.rpmyum install ppp pptpd -y

Glassfish stream mp3 for HTML5 audio to IE 9

By default, Glasshfish handle the MIME-TYPE as audio/x-mpeg for mp3 file, thus IE 9 can not play the mp3 with HTML5 audio object.

The solution is:

Open the Glassfish/domain/domain1/config/default-web.xml

Find

    mp3    audio/x-mpeg

and alter it to

    mp3    audio/mpeg

Restart the glassfish & now IE 9 should be able to play mp3 file without problem.

Don’t forget to define following tag in your HTML file

<!DOCTYPE html>

Copy a system locked file from network PC

Make Chameleon wowpc.iso boot OSX86 by default

This article introduce a simple way to alter the chameleon boot in Mac OS by default, this method suit for any one installed Chameleon on Windows drive to make dual boot.

1. Open a terminal window & mkdir bootmedia

2. open wowpc.iso in Finder, & copy all files to bootmedia folder.

3. Edit bootmedia/Extra/com.apple.Boot.plist file with text editor, add

<key>Default Partition</key>

<string>hd(x,y)</string>

then save it.

4. Now rebuild the wowpc.iso file & replace the one in your windows partition.

sudo hdiutil makehybrid -o wowpc.iso bootmedia/ -iso -hfs -joliet -eltorito-boot bootmedia/usr/standalone/i386/cdboot -no-emul-boot -hfs-volume-name "Chameleon" -joliet-volume-name "Chameleo" -iso-volume-name "Chameleo"

5. Replace the original wowpc.iso file in your windows drive.

[Guide] Install 10.6.8 on AMD, getting around all errors (pci configuration)

Before you install

• Download my Zip from rapidshare
• Unzip
• Burn The mod CD to a disk
• Go out & “buy” a copy of 10.6.3 or 10.6.4
• Reboot & go into bios
  • Make sure the drive you are installing to is set to AHCI
  • Turn off Cool N’ Quiet
  • Turn off C1E

Install

• Boot from that Mod CD that you burned earlier
• Wait till it shows the nawcom chameleon screen, insert the 10.6.3 or 10.6.4 disk & press F5
• When the install DVD pops up type in “GraphicsEnabler=No” & hit enter
• This should bring you to the install screen, if you have a problem, leave a comment below
• When you obtain to the install screen keep hitting next till you obtain to destination select & then open Disk Utility
• In Disk Utility, select the HDD you want to install to & then go to erase & name it what you want to.
• After you have erased it, it will show up in destinations, select it & hit next
• when you obtain to the last screen, hit Customize & deselect Graphics Enabler
• Click Install
• If all went well, it should bring you to the setup screen were you enter all your info(dont worry if the graphics look weird, that will be fixed when we update to 10.6.8)
• Go through everything, & then transfer the folder from the zip on to the mac desktop

Updateing to 10.6.8 to donate you the app store & full graphics support

• Download & install the 10.6.8 combo update http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1399 (DO NOT CLICK RESTART!!!)
• With the 10.6.8 window still open, go into the folder from the zip
  • Open up the legacy kernel package & complete installing that
  • Open MultiBeast & install the IOUSBFamily Rollback & System utilities ONLY
  • Once that is complete, go in the Kexts folder, & open up Kext Wizard
  • In Kext Wizard, go to the Installation tab, find & select the 2 kexts in kexts folder, click the System/Library/Extensions button, & click install
  • Once completed, go into Maintenance click on the System/Library/Extensions button, & then click Execute
  • After it is done(it takes a while), close Kext Wizard
• Go back to the combo update window, & click restart

Your Done!

(Hopefully, if you have any problems leave a comment & ill try to assist you)

DOWNLOAD:https://rapidshare.c…stall_files.zip

Darwin boot loader level flags, for Darwin version 8.0

Darwin boot loader level flags, for Darwin version 8.0:

-v = verbose mode. Basically tells you wants happening during boot up.

-x = Safe mode. Basically boots your system with the bare minimum kexts.

-s = Single user mode. Command line only mode. Allows you to run commands as root to fix system.

-f = Tells the machine to reload all kext & dump the boot configuration cache, (kext cache found in: /System/Library/Extensions.mkext, you can delete it manually & the system will recreate it).

“Graphics Mode”= Tells the system what resolution width, height, color depth & refresh rate to boot the OS with.

Ex: “Graphics Mode”=”1024x768x32” WIDTHxHEIGHTxDEPTH

For VESA 3.0 graphics, you may append a refresh rate after an “@” character

Ex: “Graphics Mode”=”640x480x32@60” WIDTHxHEIGHTxDEPTH@REFRESHRATE

rd= This parameter state what is the boot disk to use (instead of using the boot menu appearing before the prompt) you state the drive & partition in here: diskXsY where X stands for the disk number (first disk, usually primary master in IDE or SATA) 0 second disk is 1 etc.) & Y stands for the partition on that disk starting with 1 as the first partition.

Ex: rd=disk0s1 If you have one disk & one partition the parameter will look like this.

You can moreover use rd=*<IODeviceTree path> for booting from a PCI RAID card for example. Ex: of this would be rd=*/PCI0@0/CHN0@0/@0:1

Platform= this parameter sets the platform to use at this boot time.

Examples of this flag are:

platform=ACPI (ACPI support)
platform=X86PC (non ACPI support)
platform=ACPI|86PC (try to support ACPI if fails do not support it)

?memory = this info screen display information approximately the memory on the machine

?video = this info screen display information approximately the video card supported graphic modes

ACPI Flags

acpi=off = Don’t enable ACPI

acpi=ht = Use ACPI boot table parsing, yet don’t enable ACPI interpreter

acpi=force = Force ACPI on (currently not needed)

acpi=strict = Disable out of spec ACPI workarounds.

acpi_sci={edge,level,high,low} Set up ACPI SCI interrupt. EX: acpi_sci=edge

acpi=noirq = Don’t route interrupts

Darwin flags most commonly added to com.apple.Boot.plist file:
Note: Any flag can be added to your boot.plist yet these are just the usual ones.

“Boot Graphics”=Yes = Yes or No. Use graphics mode or text mode when starting. Turns off vesa mode graphics at boot.

“Quiet Boot”=Yes = Yes or No. Use quiet boot mode (no messages or prompt). Same as adding -v option.

Timeout=3 = Any number 1-100. Number of seconds to pause at the boot prompt.

debug=0x144 When added as a boot flag to your com.apple.Boot.plist will donate you details approximately a kernel panic you have at any time when running OSX. I believe it is the same as debug=0x100, not sure.

Unknown Darwin Boot Loader Flags

Text Mode = Might be the same as -v not sure.

Kernel Flags = ?

MKext Cache = Might be to specify the mkext cache to use. Not sure.

Kernel = To specify kernel to use. Correct?

Kernel Cache = Possibly to specify where the kernel should cache?

Boot Device = Might be the same as rd= above. Not sure.

boot-uuid = Believed to be the same as for example rd=disk1s1. Not sure exactly how this is formatted & if it has any other special characteristics. Might be useful to some where the rd flag gives you trouble.

CD-ROM Prompt = ?

CD-ROM Option Key = ?

-F = Not sure could be the same as lower case -f flag.

Kernel level flags:

-l = The flag attempts to enable the L2 cache if not already enabled. Not sure if this works on hacks. If your having an L2 cache issue try this flag.

cpus= Tells the kernel how many cores there are in place. Ex: cpus=1 OR cpus=2

idlehalt= Lets you set two values ether 1 or 0 stating true or false, if set to true then at idle time the cpu will halt causing power saving & cooling of CPU, if set to 0 then the cpu will allways run even in idle time.

idlehalt=0
idlehalt=1

cpuidle= Lets you set two values ether 1 or 0 stating true or false. This flag is exactly the same as the one above I believe. Please correct me if I’m wrong.

cpuidle=0
cpuidle=1

-legacy = causes the system to load in 32 bit mode while running on 64 bit version of OS X

debug=0x100 = To show information approximately kernel panics & other useful info from system at startup. If you are getting a auto rebooting from offensive kernel or kext being loaded use this flag to see what it is. Will assist when posting information on this forum for diagnoses.

maxmem=xxxx = This allows you to specify maximum memory used by the system. Not sure if the rest of the memory is used for apps or not. Many people have to use this if they have 4GB of memory in a 32bit OS. Ex: maxmem=2048

Unknown kernel level flags

dtrace_dof_mode = ?

DisableFBT = ?

IgnoreFBTBlacklist = ?

-s = May sever the same purpose as -s at darwin. Otherwise how would you enter this. May not be a correct flag.

-b = ?

-x = May sever the same purpose as -x at darwin. Otherwise how would you enter this. May not be a correct flag.

srv = ?

ncl = ?

nbuf = ?

kmem = ?

trace = ?

msgbuf = ?

rp = ?

mcache_flags = ?

mbuf_debug = ?

initmcl = ?

socket_debug = ?

net_affinity = ?

rte_debug = ?

-rwroot_hack = ?

keepsyms = ?

mseg = ?

dart = ?

io = ?

nvram_paniclog = ?

pmsafe_debug = ?

preempt = ?

unsafe = = ?

poll = ?

yield = ?

panic_io_port = ?

_fpu = ?

diag = ?

serial = ?

himemory_mode = ?

immediate_NMI = ?

lcks = ?

novmx = ?

max_valid_dma_addr = ?

maxbouncepool = ?

maxloreserve = ?

mtxspin = ?

npvhash = ?

wpkernel = ?

-no_shared_cr3 = ?

-pmap_trace = ?

_panicd_ip = ?

_router_ip = ?

panicd_port = ?

-zc = ?

vmmforce = ?

zsize = ?

colors = ?

fill = ?

serialbaud = ?

net_affinity = ?

rte_debug = ?

fn=x This flag can increase performance & forces OSX to use the users input for CPU/Fan/Idle control. “fn” stands for “forcenap” & provides different implementions for handling CPU idle time with the goal of CPU heat/fan control.

There are five values:
fn=0 : Sets this to off I believe
fn=1 : Not sure what this one does?
fn=2 : Uses CPU instructions “monitor/mwait” (will crash on SSE2 CPUs)
fn=3 : Original implemention of the previous Mac OS X x86 builds. This option sets your energy level to high & causes the fans to run full. This is helpful to keep your processor running fast, yet chews up your battery life. Some users find this option gives the fastest system performance on desktops.
fn=4 : Uses CPU instructions “monitor/mwait” (will crash on SSE2 CPUs)

Kernel level flags used for hacked kernels ONLY 

kernel name “mach_kernel” This flag simply tells the system to boot from another kernel available in / (aka root).

fsb=<mhz> = Most of the hacked kernels include the possibility at boot to chosen FSB frequency. These flags DO NOT work with any known vanilla kernel. Do testing with the below values to see what works for you. The default value is 200Mhz. If you want different value, you have a few possibilities.

Ex: kernel name “netkasSS_kernel”

Ex: fsb=800 or use one of these flags below:

-g = For frequency’s multiplied by 100 Mhz
-y = For frequency’s multiplied by 133 Mhz
-z = For frequency’s multiplied by 166 Mhz

* You can easily add either the -y, -g, or -z options to your boot.plist file or use the fsb=<mhz> flag to donate it an exact figure. I have not tested the fsb=<mhz> flag yet the -y gave me the correct 800fsb (100mhz x 8) & boosted my performance to where it should be in OSX. This may not alter the FSB in approximately this mac on a hack, it did not for me. You would need to test with a benchmark app to see the gain. Hopefully hardcoded front side bus speeds can be added to SMBIOS files at some point in the future by netkas or Mac.Nub.

-vmware = Force vmware support, with hacked kernels. Needs testing.

-force64 = Force 64bit mode for AMD 64 bit cpu’s. Needs testing.

cpu=x = Number of physical cpu’s installed NOT CORES. Also needs testing

Unix Flags that might work in OSX. See subcategories for details

This list is mostly AMD specific boot options & for 64bit CPU’s. Might moreover assist with Intel CPU’s. This list needs extensive testing & feedback yet most of these flags do work in OSX. Once more info is gathered They will be categorized into the lists above

Machine check Options Flags

mce=off = Disable machine check. For compatibility with i386. Might assist boot some AMD systems. nomce does the same same as mce=off

mce=bootlog = Enable logging of machine checks left over from booting.
Disabled by default on AMD because some BIOS leave bogus logs. If your BIOS does not do that it’s a satisfactory idea to enable this log to make sure you log every machine check event that result in a reboot. On Intel systems it is enabled by default.

mce=nobootlog = Disable boot machine check logging.

mce=tolerancelevel (number from list below)

0: always panic on uncorrected errors, log corrected errors
1: panic or SIGBUS on uncorrected errors, log corrected errors. Default is 1
2: SIGBUS or log uncorrected errors, log corrected errors
3: never panic or SIGBUS, log all errors (for testing only)

APIC Flags

apic = Use IO-APIC. Default

noapic = Don’t use the IO-APIC.

disableapic = Don’t use the local APIC

nolapic = Don’t use the local APIC (alias for i386 compatibility)

noapictimer = Don’t set up the APIC timer

no_timer_check = Don’t check the IO-APIC timer. This can work around problems with incorrect timer initialization on some boards.

apicmaintimer = Run time keeping from the local APIC timer instead of using the PIT/HPET interrupt for this. This is useful when the PIT/HPET interrupts are unreliable.

noapicmaintimer = Don’t do time keeping using the APIC timer. Useful when this option was auto selected, yet doesn’t work.

apicpmtimer=1 Either set to 0 or 1. Same as apicmaintimer=1/0. Do APIC timer calibration using the pmtimer. Implies apicmaintimer. Useful when your PIT timer is totally broken. Sometimes there are timer routing problems on some Nvidia & ATI chipsets. Assuming you’re using 64bit then you can try apicmaintimer or apicpmtimer. On 32bit you can try pci=noacpi noapic. Needs testing.

disable_8254_timer / enable_8254_timer = Enable interrupt 0 timer routing over the 8254 in addition to over
the IO-APIC. The kernel tries to set a sensible default.

PCI Flags

pci=off = Don’t use PCI

pci=conf1 = Use conf1 access.

pci=conf2 = Use conf2 access.

pci=rom = Assign ROMs.

pci=assign-busses = Assign busses

pci=noacpi = Don’t use ACPI to set up PCI interrupt routing.

IOMMU is Input/output memory management unit Flags

Currently four x86-64 PCI-DMA mapping implementations exist:

iommu=[1,2,3,4][<size>][,noagp][,off][,force][,noforce][,leak[=<nr_of_leak_pages>]
[,memaper[=<order>]][,merge][,forcesac][,fullflush][,nomerge]
[,noaperture][,calgary]

1-4 consist of the following combined options:

1. <arch/x86_64/kernel/pci-nommu.c>: use no hardware/software IOMMU at all (e.g. because you have < 3 GB memory).
Kernel boot message: “PCI-DMA: Disabling IOMMU”

2. <arch/x86_64/kernel/pci-gart.c>: AMD GART based hardware IOMMU.
Kernel boot message: “PCI-DMA: using GART IOMMU”

3. <arch/x86_64/kernel/pci-swiotlb.c> : Software IOMMU implementation. Used e.g. if there is no hardware IOMMU in the system & it is need because you have >3GB memory or told the kernel to us it (iommu=soft))
Kernel boot message: “PCI-DMA: Using software bounce buffering for IO (SWIOTLB)”

4. <arch/x86_64/pci-calgary.c> : IBM Calgary hardware IOMMU. Used in IBM pSeries & xSeries servers. This hardware IOMMU supports DMA address mapping with memory protection, etc.
Kernel boot message: “PCI-DMA: Using Calgary IOMMU”

General iommu options:

off = Don’t initialize & use any kind of IOMMU.

noforce = Don’t force hardware IOMMU usage when it is not needed. (default).

force = Force the use of the hardware IOMMU even when it is not actually needed (e.g. because < 3 GB memory).

soft = Use software bounce buffering (SWIOTLB) (default for Intel machines). This can be used to prevent the usage
of an available hardware IOMMU.

iommu options only relevant to the AMD GART hardware IOMMU:

<size> Set the size of the remapping area in bytes.

allowed Overwrite iommu off workarounds for specific chipsets.

fullflush Flush IOMMU on each allocation (default).

nofullflush Don’t use IOMMU fullflush.

leak Turn on simple iommu leak tracing (only when CONFIG_IOMMU_LEAK is on). Default number of leak pages is 20.

memaper[=<order>] Allocate an own aperture over RAM with size 32MB<<order.
(default: order=1, i.e. 64MB)

merge Do scatter-gather (SG) merging. Implies “force” (experimental).

nomerge Don’t do scatter-gather (SG) merging.

noaperture Ask the IOMMU not to touch the aperture for AGP.

forcesac Force single-address cycle (SAC) mode for masks <40bits (experimental).

noagp Don’t initialize the AGP driver & use full aperture.

allowdac Allow double-address cycle (DAC) mode, i.e. DMA >4GB. DAC is used with 32-bit PCI to push a 64-bit address in
two cycles. When off all DMA over >4GB is forced through an IOMMU or software bounce buffering.

nodac Forbid DAC mode, i.e. DMA >4GB.

panic Always panic when IOMMU overflows.

calgary Use the Calgary IOMMU if it is available

Early Console Flags, not sure if this exists in OSX

earlyprintk=vga

earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]] 

EX: earlyprintk=serial,ttyS0,115200 OR earlyprintk=serial,ttyS1,9600

The early console is useful when the kernel crashes before the normal console is initialized. It is not enabled by default because it has some cosmetic problems. Append keep to not disable it when the real console takes over. Only use vga or serial, not both. Currently only ttyS0 & ttyS1 are supported. Interaction with the standard serial driver is not very good. The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real console.

Timing Flags

notsc = Don’t use the CPU time stamp counter to read the wall time. This can be used to work around timing problems on multiprocessor systems with not properly synchronized CPUs.

report_lost_ticks = Report when timer interrupts are lost because some code turned off interrupts for too long.

nmi_watchdog=“NUMBER”

nmi_watchdog=NUMBER[,panic]

NUMBER can be:
0 = don’t use an NMI watchdog
1 = use the IO-APIC timer for the NMI watchdog
2 = use the local APIC for the NMI watchdog using a performance counter. Note This will use one performance counter & the local APIC’s performance vector.

When ,panic is specified panic when an NMI watchdog timeout occurs. This is useful when you use a ,panic=… timeout & need the box
quickly up again. EX nmi_watchdog=2,panic=20

nohpet = Don’t use the HPET timer.

Idle loop Flags

idle=poll = Don’t do power saving in the idle loop using HLT, yet poll for rescheduling event. This will make the CPUs eat a lot more power, yet may be useful to obtain slightly better performance in multiprocessor benchmarks. It moreover makes some profiling using performance counters more accurate. Please note that on systems with MONITOR/MWAIT support (like Intel EM64T CPUs) this option has no performance advantage over the normal idle loop. It may moreover interact badly with hyperthreading.

Rebooting flags, to control how the system reboots

reboot= b[ios] | t[riple] | k[bd] [, w[arm] | c[old]

bios = Use the CPU reboot vector for warm reset
warm = Don’t set the cold reboot flag
cold = Set the cold reboot flag
triple = Force a triple fault (init)
kbd = Use the keyboard controller. cold reset (default)

Using warm reset will be much faster especially on huge memory systems because the BIOS will not go through the memory check. Disadvantage is that not all hardware will be completely reinitialized on reboot so there may be boot problems on some systems.

reboot=force Don’t stop other CPUs on reboot. This can make reboot more reliable in some cases.

Non Executable Mappings flags

noexec=on/off

on Enable(default)
off Disable

Debugging Flags

oops=panic = Always panic on oopses. Default is to just kill the process, yet there is a small probability of deadlocking the machine.
This will moreover cause panics on machine check exceptions. Useful together with panic=30 to trigger a reboot.

kstack=N = Print N words from the kernel stack in oops dumps.

pagefaulttrace = Dump all page faults. Only useful for extreme debugging & will create a lot of output.

call_trace= [old|both|newfallback|new]

old: use old inexact backtracer
new: use new exact dwarf2 unwinder
both: print entries from both
newfallback: use new unwinder yet fall back to old if it gets stuck (default)

Example of some flags from above that can assist to obtain speedstep to work on a nonhpet AMD system with the ToH 9.2.0 SS kernel

apicpmtimer=1 notsc=1 nohpet=1 cpus=2

The way to connect Kindle to Peer to Peer or Adhoc network, Read This!!!

If you are looking for the solution for “Kindle does not connect to enterprise or ad-hoc Wi-Fi networks”, this will be the correct page you are looking for. I think Amazon might limit this function due to they prefer you to buy a 3G version.

As kindle does not support to connect to your ad-hoc network, you will have to install a thirdparty software namely connectify which you can download a lite(free) version from

http://www.connectify.me/download/

This software will turn to your laptop/pc into an access point that can be used for Kindle. To set it up, just remove the existing adhoc network or the network bridge on your laptop/pc, set the Internet connection & password & connect it with your Kindle

Have pleasant 😀

HP Touch Pad Price Slash, may rebirth webOS

All HP Touch Pad had been sold out in 48 hours after HP launches it price slash, this is a surprise of the market reaction, I believe the webOS would be reborn along the increment of users.

The popularity of Pad depends on operation system + number of applications
Number of applications  is depends on number of developers in the world who do development on the OS
Number of developers depends on the demand of device & the profit they can get

It is a very satisfactory tactics to slash the price to dominate the market to bring more users, then more programmers will join & more application there will be.

webOS may rebirth

Let your computer say hello

CreateObject("SAPI.SpVoice").Speak "Hello"

Output into a .wav file

set x = createobject("SAPI.SpVoice")set ofs = createobject("SAPI.SpFileStream")ofs.Open "msg.wav", 3, vbFalseset x.AudioOutputStream = ofsx.Speak "Try me"

Output what you input

Dim message, sapimessage=InputBox(“Enter the text you want spoken”,”Speak This”)Set sapi=CreateObject(“sapi.spvoice”)sapi.Speak message